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Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

IN LUCKRU

Ubuntu Intrepid Ibex, urmasul lui Hardy Heron va fi lansat pe 30 Octombrie 2008 in conformitate cu actuala agenda de lansare. Acest ghid este destinat in principal utilizatorilor nerabdatori si celor care il testeaza pana pe data lansarii. Intrepid Ibex nu este stabil de nici o culoare nici gata pentru VREUN mediu de productie. Va rugam sa ne ajutati in testarea si perfectionarea acestui ghid.

Acest ghid a fost inceput de catre Michael Favia (Austin, TX USA) si continuat de

1. Mustakimnajib (Melaka, Malaysia)

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edit

2. Mustakimnajib (Bucuresti, Romania)

Prefata

Despre Intrepid

Ubuntu 8.10 va fi lansat in Octombrie 2008 daca actuala agenda de lansare este respectata.
Are ca nume de cod Intrepid Ibex si este urmasul lui Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron.
Obiectivele principale ale acestei versiuni sunt axate pe dezvoltarea usurintei in utilizare prin imbunatatirea performantei, introducerea unei noi theme implicite si realizarea accesului la internet intr-o maniera simpla, chiar fara a fi necesara configurarea manuala. Mesajul introductiv al lui Mark Shuttleworth

Oricum, pe 10 Oct 2008, Ubuntu 8.10 Beta este gata pentru folosinta tuturor (citeste aici) cu mai putine probleme. Continua sa-l actualizezi, si vei avea un intrepid ibex stabil in calculator.

Wallpaper-e Ubuntu

Le puteti descarca gratuit de la adresa wiki.ubuntu

Despre Programe (Package Management)

Ubuntu foloseste pachete de programe (packages) numite "debs" care sunt legate unul de altul printr-o mare retea de dependente si relatii conflictuale. Programele instalate sau dezinstalate prin acest sistem va asigura ca toate fisierele necesare sunt instalate, configurate si indepartate automat. Acolo unde este posibil cel mai bine este sa folositi acest sistem in loc de a instala programele manual sau prin fel de fel de "scripts". Cele mai multe programe ("software") sunt disponibile in depozitele ("repositories") Ubuntu, dar pot fi adaugate si alte programe proprii ("personal package archives") daca sunt necesare versiuni actualizate ale unor astfel de programe.

Cum afli versiunea de Ubuntu

Foloseste aceasta comanda:

lsb_release -a

Cum afli versiunea de Kernel (din distributia Ubuntu)

Foloseste aceasta comanda:

 uname -r

Noi versiuni de Ubuntu

Ubuntu foloseste un ciclu de actualizare de 6 luni
Aceste versiuni noi apar in Aprilie si Octombrie
Urmatoarea versiune este programata pentru 30 Octombrie 2008 si va fi Ubuntu 8.10 care este Intrepid+1.

Urmatoarea versiune este programata pentru 30 Octombrie 2008 si va fi Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) care este Hardy+1. [daca ati priceput ceva, bine. daca nu... n.tr.]

Despre Ubuntu si surse oficiale Ubuntu

Ghiduri si legaturi utile pentru Ubuntu 8.04

Capturi de ecran cu Ubuntu

Galeria cu capturi de ecran Ubuntu 8.10 Alpha 1

Aici vedeti teme si wallpaper-uri modificate:[1]

Pornirea calculatorului cu Windows si Ubuntu

Poti avea probleme pornind calculatorul cu Ubuntu si Windows Vista din cauza modului in care noul incarcator al sistemului de operare ("bootloader") al Windows Vista functioneaza si cum acesta se asteapta ca MBR-ul si sectorul de boot sa se comporte. Wubi (Windows-based Ubuntu Installer) este un programel de instalare cu suport oficial Ubuntu pentru pornirea PC-ului cu mai multe sisteme de operare in paralel. Daca ai probleme cu Wubi, EasyBCD este un programel gratuit pentru Windows (printre multe altele) care te ajuta sa-ti pornesti calculatorul cu Windows Vista si Ubuntu, repede si sigur.

pornire calculator ("Dual-Booting") cu Mac OSX si Ubuntu

Mac OSX este un sistem de operare unix cunoscut si stabil ca si linux.

Instalare mac dupa ubuntu

Daca te hotarasti sa-ti pornesti calculatorul cu aceste doua SO (sisteme de operare), este foarte important ca in timpul instalarii Ubuntu sa alegi sistemul de fisiere ext2 in partitia cu Ubuntu. In plus, trebuie sa ai deja cd-ul "Super Grub Disk" inainte de aceasta metoda de instalare. Scrie un cd (sau minicd) cu imaginea iso. Gasesti SGD la adresa *http://supergrub.forjamari.linex.org Daca ai instalat deja ubuntu, adaua urmatoarele in meniul intrepid (menu.lst)

title Mac OSX
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1

Reporneste calculatorul pe mac osx si porneste terminal-ul. Daca ai probleme in a porni calculatorul in mac, introdu DVd-ul cu mac osx. apasa F8 si scrie -s. Copiaza urmatoarele dupa ce a terminat verbose.

fdisk -e /dev/rdisk0
flag 2 <--note that flag 2 is my mac partiton number two
quit
n
reboot

If you still have a doubt about it, insert Super Grub Disk and make a grub active.

Installing ubuntu after mac

If get error message in boot such as HFS+error in bootloader. USE SUPER GRUB DISK. SGD is useful tool for recover linux grub and windows MBR.

Add this to your intrepid's menu.lst

title Mac OSX
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1

All menu.lst attaced here is for example. If you have a doubt to boot mac or windows in grub, choose title mac osx in grub menu, we will edit it please enter:

on title macosx, change root (hd0,0) to

root (hd0,1)

it's mean, you will boot in partition number 1. Press enter and:

You will boot to mac osx or windows. If still doubt, you can try any number,

mac osx guide

Manual Method for Adding Repositories

Create a backup of your current list of sources.

sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

Open the list of sources in a text editor

Ubuntu users:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Replace everything with the following lines

ubuntu intrepid sources.list

## UBUNTU REPOSITORIES
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed restricted main multiverse universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu intrepid main # Ubuntu Muslim Edition
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu intrepid main # Ubuntu Muslim Edition
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu intrepid main
## +++ Backports & Proposed (Ubuntu Unstable) +++
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
## +++ Source Repositories +++
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu hardy main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
##Universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
## Multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
## Backports
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Canonical Partner Repository
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
## PLF REPOSITORY
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/reacocard-awn/ubuntu gutsy main
## +++ Medibuntu +++
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ hardy free non-free
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ intrepid free non-free
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu hardy main
deb http://playonlinux.botux.net/ hardy main

Save the edited file

wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q http://playonlinux.botux.net/pol.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

Internet Broadband Connection

Broadband wireless connection (GPRS, EDGE, UMTS and HSDPA) are very popular and famous nowaday. Connecting internet directly by usb, pcmcia, wireless broadband router, bluetooth etc is easy now. But how to make it easier?

he220r1 release

he220r1 was made special to huawei E220 usb modem user but also supported any 3G devices included mobile phone. The he220r1 is for ubuntu, kubuntu, edubuntu, and all ubuntu based such as gos, ubuntu CE, ubuntu ME, poseidon, open-geu, mythbuntu, ubuntu-studio, ultimate, fluxbuntu, embun, ubuntulite, fluxbuntu, blankon etc. I think this is good news for ubuntu user because ubuntu is a top 5 hits ranking in distrowatch, got many user and fan and very practically to newbies. Please refer to he220r1 official blogsite at he220r1 The he220r1 will set up ttyUSB0, ttyACM0, ttySHSF0, ttySL0, ttynoz0,ttytts0, ttyircomm0, tty0 and ttyifcomm0 in ubuntu directory. With he220r1, you can connect internet easily by terminal or kppp, gppp, network applet, vodafone-mobile-connect-card-driver-for linux and UMTSMON., Be a first one to download it. Get he220r1 free direct download at:

torrent version: (maybe very slow)

Graphics cards and displays

xorg.conf

Before installing any driver for ATI or nvidia, please make backup xorg.conf before follow this method.

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /home/user

If you have edited this file but would like it to be automatically updated again, run the following command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

If you want to try this xorg.conf after installing the driver, you must back up your xorg.conf as following. And then, edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf in text editor. Add or modify this xorg.conf sample.

xorg.conf for nvidia

 Section "Screen"
 Identifier "Default Screen"
 Device "Configured Video Device"
 Monitor "Configured Monitor"
 SubSection "Display"
 Depth 16
 Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768"
 Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
 EndSubSection

 Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
 Defaultdepth 24
 EndSection
 Section "Module"
 Load "glx"
 Load "GLcore"
 Load "v4l"
 EndSection
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Configured Video Device"
 Boardname "vesa"
 Busid "PCI:1:0:0"
 Driver "nvidia"
 Screen 0
 EndSection
 
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Device0"
 BoardName "Generic Geforce 5500"
 Driver "nvidia"
 Vendorname "NVIDIA Corporation"
 Option "DualHead" "1"
 Option "ShadowFB" "1"
 Option "FPScale" "1"
 Option "TwinView" "True"
 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf"
 Option "UseEdidFreqs" "True"
 Option "Metamodes" "1024x768,1024x768"
 Option "UseDisplayDevice" "DFP"
 EndSection
 
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Videocard0"
 Driver "nv"
 VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
 BoardName "GeForce 7600 GT"
 EndSection
 
 Section "InputDevice"
 Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
 Driver "kbd"
 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
 Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
 EndSection

 Section "InputDevice"
 Identifier "Configured Mouse"
 Driver "mouse"
 EndSection
 Section "ServerLayout"
 Identifier "Default Layout"
 screen 0 "Default Screen" 0 0
 EndSection
 
 Section "Extensions"
 Option "Composite" "Enable"
 EndSection

Installation of ATI and nVidia Graphics drivers

NVidia Driver

Please make backup xorg.conf before following this method.

Install the nvidia-setting package:

 sudo apt-get install nvidia-setting

Download Nvidia driver at http://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us and place it at your home directory. After finish download, close all opened window and press F1. Log in and enter password and then just dial your internet. Press F2, kill gdm or kdm season by entering sudo killall <your desktop manager>, example:

 sudo killall gdm

Install nvidia driver. Make sure you are at nvidia driver directory. If you download it and placed in Desktop, make sure to change a directory first.

cd Desktop

To install it, enter /NVIDIA-Linux-x**-***.**-pkg1.run, example if you downloaded Nvidia version 173.80:

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86-173.80-pkg1.run

choose yes to any verbose response. After finish installing the driver, reboot your computer.

sudo reboot

ATI Driver

Dock on Ubuntu Intrepid

Beautiful dock in linux arena are avant window manager and wbar and it has been using by gOS as default dock.

avant window manager

1. A very important software that you must install are:

sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator-bzr xfwm4 xcompmgr awn-core-applets-bzr awn-manager-bzr compiz compizconfig-settings-manager libawn-bzr-dev libawn0-bzr

2. This will install important package to awn setting. Ok after installing, open menu-system-preferences-sessions. Add new sessions:

compiz
xcompmgr
xfwm4
avant-window-navigator-delay

4. close sessions after added.

5. Now open system-preferences-awn manager, at general tab, check box automatically start awn..., Still in awn manager, choose Applets dialogue and activate stacks applet at least 3 item. And now you can choose othe applets.

6. Close awn manager. (During the settings, your desktop maybe freeze)

7. Press Alt+F2 button and activate

compiz
xcompmgr
avant-window-navigator

awn guide

wbar

Find wbar in synaptic (need to update your repo first). After installed libimlib2-dev and wbar, start wbar with your initial settings, press alt+F2:

wbar -isize 48 -j 1 -p bottom -balfa 40 -bpress -nanim 3 -z 2.5 -above-desk

configure wbar

First off be sure to look at:

wbar --help

its got all the options listed there. Heres the line I use to open mine, look at the screen shot below:

wbar -above-desk -pos bottom -isize 60 -nanim 1 -bpress -jumpf 0.0 -zoomf 1.5

note that if you want the "wave" effect just increase the -nanim value, I like the icons to just pop up so I don't use it, with 9 icons 5 is a nice "wave" effect.

Note the paths are all absolute, do that and your font and image problems are solved. If you can't see hidden folder, just enter ctrl + h on home/user nautilus. If you can't find .wbar directory, maybe you can gedit it here::

sudo gedit /usr/share/wbar/dot.wbar

more wbar-guide

Multimedia

Playing VCD on VLC

This is how to playing VCDs.

Open file, In the Open Disc dialogue, click at Disc tab and chosing VCD at disc type gives me this:

vcdx:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0

in the advanced options /dev/hdd is my CD-ROM drive, obviously. Remove x and change that to:

vcd:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0

Tips and Trick

Freeze

There are many tricks to get off from pc freeze. Press Alt+F2, killall application. Example:

killall amarok
killall firefox

Other tricks is press Alt+Ctrl+backspace and you will log out. But, what happen if this not work? Ok, Press Ctrl+Alt+F1,login and enter your password: